منابع مشابه
Tariff and Non-Tariff Barriers to Trade
that restrict trade between countries in agricultural commodities. Many of these policies are now subject to important disciplines under the 1994 GATT agreement that is administered by the World Trade Organization (WTO). The paper is organized as follows. First, tariffs, import quotas, and tariff rate quotas are discussed. Then, a series of non-tariff barriers to trade are examined, including v...
متن کاملThorsten Hansen: Tariff Rates, Offshoring and Productivity: Evidence from German and Austrian Firm-Level Data
This paper studies the impact of trade liberalization in terms of tariff cuts within the Eastern European enlargement on German and Austrian firm productivity. Unique matching of data from 1994 to 2003 suggests that tariff reductions raise parent firm productivity significantly. A ten percentage point decrease in tariff rates can lead to total factor productivity gains of up to 2 percent. The d...
متن کاملTariff Rates, Offshoring and Productivity: Evidence from German and Austrian Firm-Level Data
This paper studies the impact of trade liberalization in terms of tariff cuts within the Eastern European enlargement on German and Austrian firm productivity. Unique matching of data from 1994 to 2003 suggests that tariff reductions raise parent firm productivity significantly. A ten percentage point decrease in tariff rates can lead to total factor productivity gains of up to 2 percent. The d...
متن کاملThe Progressive Tariff Reduction Scheme
As economists have known since Adam Smith, free trade should benefit all nations by allowing them to take advantage of gains from specialization.1 Indeed, the benefits of trade are supposed to justify unilateral liberalization: as the late British economist Joan Robinson once remarked, if your trading partner throws rocks into his harbor, that is no reason to throw rocks into your own. While un...
متن کاملNEUROGENIC HYPERTENSION: REPORT OF FIVE CASES TO HIGHLIGHT THE CONTROVERSY
The entity of "neurogenic hypertension" is defined as arterial hypertension caused explicitly by derangement of the intricate network of the central nervous system. Among 193 cases of cranial rhizopathies operated on between 1984 and 1995 at this center, 5 cases of established arterial hypertension with concomitant rhizopathies also underwent ventrolateral medullary decompression. The elev...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Political Economy
سال: 1902
ISSN: 0022-3808,1537-534X
DOI: 10.1086/250829